The Tension Between the Powerful and the Powerless Political Manipulation in All the Kings Horses and Wag the Dog - Literature Essay Samples

Oppressive norms of conformity that individuals are expected to adhere through political confinement from tyrannical legislators serve as a catalyst for societal conflict between the powerful and powerless. This political interference in individual’s lives is explored in ‘Barry Levinson’s’ Wag the Dog and in ‘Kurt Vonnegut’s’ short story, All The King’s Horses. Both composers depict the outcomes of oppressive political movements that damage the unity between social classes and the autonomy of the individual. This representation of people and politics is deliberately fashioned to persuade us to initiate active participation in politics by placing an emphasis on the ramifications of societal conflict by corrupt leaders. This ultimately demonstrates the diverse ideologies of the different social classes in society infringed by the strains established by political intervention. People subjected to overbearing and restrictive political constructs rigidly enforcing oppressive expectations ultimately uncover independence through conflict; political or social. Levinson composed Wag the Dog as an appreciation to the faceless many who suffer under tyrants, contextually alluding to orthodox beliefs dictating the presidents supremacy. By using idiom in â€Å"If the tail were smarter the tail would wag the dog†, Levinson represents the citizens as subjects to manipulative powers established within a polyarchy whilst politicians individuality holds immense power validating their transgression of existing barriers through the potency of the dynamic political agenda, depriving the development of individual thought. Similarly as stated by ‘Eleftheria Tabouli’, â€Å"photographs of warfare have nothing but reproduced particular conceptions of war and not the war it really was†, where â€Å"conceptions are molded to align with perspective favor ing corrupt parties. Levinson takes advantage of the form, a film to highlight the strange phenomenon that a corrupt ‘leader’ is shrouded while strategists are imposed with the responsibility to fabricate a renewed reputation to ‘distract public opinion’. Paradoxically the most powerful person in society is the most immature, the imbalance of power between the immature dictator and mature subjects leads to conflict, ultimately demonstrating that this power play of politics is the source of conflict. Similarly, within his short story, Vonnegut reveals the role of people in politics through his representation of a network of responses from individuals under governing bodies. Through Colonel Kelly, who is represented as a metonym for the Government, Vonnegut encourages the reader to question politicians and their suitability as representatives of the people. This is evident in â€Å"of the lieutenant in those terms no longer human, but a piece†, where Vonnegut depicts politicians as belittling the freedom of citizens. Vonnegut then represents the everyday citizens through Margaret. The use of asyndeton in â€Å"she had taken refuge in deaf, blind, unfeeling shock†, is designed to typify the reaction of ordinary people to political news, suggesting that the ordinary citizen is incapable of any action of consequence due to their limited power. This complements the author’s portrayal, as it encourages increased political engagement within readers through a deeper understanding of the detrimental effects that unregulated power can have on the society. Vonnegut, through his portrayal of political systems as a cause of grief, represents how abuse of power, and the absence of civic participation, can create a political context where the ordinary citizen is subject to the unreasonable demands of the tyrant much as Mussolini made unreasonable demands of his soldiers when invading Abyssinia. This is further evident in Stephen Burts analysis, â€Å"that want to tell us so easily what to want, what to do, what to think†, strengthening the idea that individuality and self-expression are inherently foregone and lost. Thus, it is clear that in his representation of people within All The King’s Horses, ‘Vonnegut’ portrays the source of ideology’s power as humanity’s apathy, to provoke action in rejecting such systems of total control and lack of freedom. In â€Å"Wag the Dog†, Levinson warns about the destruction of autonomy when we cede too much control of our lives to the governing forces and allow ourselves to be reduced to the faceless individuals. Power is innately held within the spectrum of the names. The emotive â€Å"go to war to protect your way of life† creates an ominous atmosphere triggering defence mechanism against external and unbeknown forces where the individuals actions are predetermined by governing bodies implanting inclination. The reader gets a hint that the state has betrayed the people when the inquirer asks â€Å"what difference does it make if it’s true?† which metaphorically represents political lies and deceit, resulting in the destruction of autonomy of both the society and its people. Transparency allows viewers to acknowledge governing bodies are known to the greatest cumulative power resides in the bottom half of the social hierarchy, the dramatic irony prevalent throughout the film works in effect with satire in the governments forces desire to leashing its citizens due to the fear or rebellion and deceiving them to obtain greater power. Levinson uses his form to reflect the consequent impossibility of the maintenance of autonomy. Thus the composer, warns against the destruction of autonomy due to political authority, and urge the individual to challenge the hierarchical nature of governing forces. Correspondingly, the representation of political ideologies in Vonnegut’s All the King’s Horses facilitates his representation of humanity as ‘an incoherent profusion’, as the composer warns the reader that following political doctrines inevitably leads to nihilism. By metaphorically depicting the Cold War, explored through the representation of conflicting ideologies, as ‘a chess game’, which like a battle, ‘can very rarely be won †¦ without sacrifices,’ the author persuades the reader of the ramifications of these political systems, manipulating the audience to share his view that the cause of war is essentially humanity’s preoccupation with retribution and the impact of oppressive political regimes perception of citizens as dispensable – ‘without sacrifices’. The citizens are like pawns that are thrown in the firing line and exploited to achieve the leaders political objectives. Vonnegut’s representation of the human condition, as innately flawed, aims to provoke re-evaluations of this fallacious mindset towards the apparent instability of society under the burden of corrupt leaders. This is furthered in his representation of America and Russia’s political motivations as simply viewing the other as ‘the enemy’, which, paired with the revelation that â€Å"no official State of war† exists, through Major Barzov’s dialogue, condemning both Governments as being unable to justify the impact of their actions in championing their ideologies. Likewise, Auden’s emotive language in ‘Wag the Dog’, convinces us that the destructive ramifications on life are not worth the defense of political ideals, especially when these ideologies destroy individual freedoms within society. Henceforth, both composers challenge the individual to challenge authority and tyrannic regimes as further urged by Stephen Burt, â€Å"He might just ris e†, being a motif for responders to examine the issues facing society to reach a moderate conclusion and prevent social degradation, denying the proposition of revolution and absolute control. Ultimately, all representations are inevitably acts of manipulation as composers seek to reshape our views. In Barry Levinson’s film, as well as Kurt Vonnegut’s short story, both composers’ seek to enlighten the responder to the dangers of political ideologies and their impact upon the division created within society into two distinct nationals, branded by their level of freedom and power. Both composers’ seek to represent the impact that power constructs on everyday citizens fulfilling their authorial intentions to encourage action and change through the importance of resistance to the loss of freedom and recognition of the consequences of war. As such the composers highlight the inherent tension between the powerful and powerless through encouraging a revolution for change by faceless individuals limited by the enforcement of control and freedom by despotic legislators.

The Institute Of Medicine A Social And Economic Forces...

The Institute of Medicine concluded through research that the root of the problem of obesity lies within powerful social, cultural and economic forces that promote the consumption of energy dense foods and an inactive lifestyle; Flegal also provides evidence that supports the hypothesis. For starters, there are many cases where being overweight or obese is or was seen in a positive and desirable form by folks, which may promote obesity. These include: †¢ The desirable perception of fatness seen among some indigenous cultures (Swinburne et al. 1996). †¢ Ancient statues such as the Venus of Willendorf, which indicated that the stoneage men preferred large plump women as they were seen as strong vessels for bearing children due to their fat reserves found in multiple love handles (Qvortup, n.d.). †¢ Statues of the Buddha, represented in an obese like state (Brink 1989a). †¢ Rituals of fattening in cultures and their belief that fatness leads to beauty (Brink 1989b). †¢ Statistics that show 110% of modern time cultures, with data on preference, preferred a plump shape (Brown Konner, 1987). †¢ Its a symbol of high status in previous centuries: During the nineteenth century a curved, large body symbolized high status, high wealth, a luxurious lifestyle, beauty and power (Williams Germov 2004). Even in the present this is still apparent, take Gina Rinehart and Clive Palmer for example. 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Analysis Of The Poem The Mother And Abortion

Ben hudson Professor Lopez ENGL 1302 7-29-17 â€Å"The Mother† and Abortion Today, we read literature from all eras, from Shakespeare to James Baldwin. Literature imbeds social, political, and ethical problems and or ideals. This is especially true in poetry where symbolism empowers the writing. When you take a look at â€Å"The Mother† by Gwendolyn Brooks, it addresses the issue of abortion. Abortion has been a hot topic for over a hundred years, for it is debated over social and ethical reasons. When we analyze this poem, it is important to draw the connections between how it is covered by media, and how the poems stands on it. Take a look at â€Å"The Mother†, the poem is about a mother who had gotten an abortion and was haunted by the child she†¦show more content†¦The majority of Democrats have been seen to promote pro-choice, and republicans chose the side of pro-life. 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People Who Would Be Affected By The Changes â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The People Who Would Be Affected By The Changes? Answer: Introducation These changes would affect both the organization as well as the customers in terms of revenue generation and better service providing respectively. In terms of the changes, both the organization and the commuters would be affected in the due course (Benn, Dunphy and Griffiths 2014). The incurring cost of implementing the managerial changes would affect the company and the people would be affected by the type of changes that would be incorporated for the better service of the commuters. Obstacles faced due to incorporation of new changes. UBER has been using smarter technology to provide a smooth transportation service and several other facilities to the commuters. Several newer changes can be incorporated to help improve the services that are concerned with the publics of the organization using Mckinsey 7s Model. These changes can also give rise to several obstacles in the initial stage that can be mitigated using proper strategies. Installation of better security systems in the Uber cabs are due to face obstacles. The main reason for this is higher incurring cost is due to the installation of newer and advanced mode of technologies in all the cabs that would be highly expensive in terms of affordability. Uber owns a large number of cars that are deployed under its brand. Installing of security systems in each cab can be quite highly cost incurring. This procedure can in turn give rise to a financial instability of the organization until and unless the business and revenue generation have retrieved the entire incurring cost. To successfully counter act with the investment, the service charges need to be revised and hiked. A higher service charge due to the investment can also rise a dissatisfaction among the regular commuters due to over budgeting in transportation. Failure to meet or compete with the budgeting can result in bankruptcy and affect the organization can be fatal. In terms of employment, several drivers are appointed who have least concern about the customer needs and security. Sometimes proper verification is not conducted against drivers who are applying for the post, in terms of previous driving history or any past criminal offence (if any). This could lead to a crisis in terms of the safety and security of the passenger as well as the companys reputation (McNeil, Frey and Embrechts 2015). The change practitioner might face several obstacles while incorporating these changes. The first obstacle that would come up is due to the huge investment that is to be borne by the organization in terms of upgrading of facilities. The investment is required for the installation of better security system that in can give rise to a huge financial instability of the organization if the incurring cost is not retrieved in accordance by business and revenue generation. The practitioner might face criticism from the commuters regarding the appointment of physically impaired drivers specially, the ones with speech and auditory impairment. The thought of facing inconvenience due communication barriers would be the principle reason for the discontentment among the commuters. Several protests would come from the local cab owners against Uber for disrupting their source of earning by providing better facilities to the commuters. A change practitioner also might face media interventions due to the incorporation of the changes that are to be implemented in the organization. The changes that can bring a huge impact on both the organization and its subjects would be the most interest topic of discussion that can affect the perceptions as well as the opinion amongst the people. This would be a vital notification that the world might need to know (Cameron and Green 2015). Obstacles Management In order to counteract with those obstacles newer managerial tools needs to be implemented using reference from McKinsey 7-S Framework (Singh 2013). To mitigate the financial complications that might rise due to the installation of better and advanced security measures, better budgeting and financial model needs to be revised and incorporated to avoid financial crisis or bankruptcy. To attain such, better strategic planning as well as a contingency plan needs to be chalked out just in order to avoid any back lash from the primary startegy (Hollensen 2015). In order to achieve such, the Strategy Element of the Mckinsey 7s model has been taken into consideration which instructs to devise a plan in order to build a plan to maintain and retain the competitive advantages. Cabs should be fitted with a usual security camera along with an infrared camera to help in better surveillance about the security of both the driver and the passengers, in both daylight and low light situations. The camera should be fitted with satellite operated advanced central GPS positioning systems that would enable the organization to keep a track of the whereabouts of the cab as well as the auto detection of any crisis situation that may rise. These activities are structured with implementation to the Systems Element in the McKinsey 7s Model. The cabs should be fitted with a unique ignition recognition system that can only be operated by the drivers. Unique facial recognition systems to be included. This would be helpful in proper identification of both the driver and the passenger to ensure a better surveillance and maintaining a good customer relationship (Kumar and Reinartz 2012. The rising security concern due to the misidentification of the inmates of the cab can be mitigated using these technologies. Proper verification for the newly appointed drivers and employees should be executed to meet the security policies of the company, lest they hold any police or felony record, jeopardizing the company and commuters safety (Hull 2012). The drivers should be tested and trained thoroughly to effectively handle any crisis situation that might arise. This section has been formulated, using the Staff and Skills Elements of the McKinsey 7s Model. Proper identification of the potential Uber drivers should be incorporated using the facial recognition system. The drivers should pass an authentic facial identification test before being qualified to accept rides or commuters. This would be helpful for the commuters to cross check the drivers who accept the pickup request and meet one of the major security related concerns of the commuters. Along with the facial identification that would be forwarded to the commuters, their verified contact numbers and the license plate of the car should also be made available for the passengers. This would be helpful in case, the commuters leave behind any of their belongings in the vehicle (Zeng et al. 2014). All of the obstacles management and the new changes that can be incorporated are based on the Shared Values Element of the Mckinsey 7s Model. References Benn, S., Dunphy, D. and Griffiths, A., 2014.Organizational change for corporate sustainability. Routledge. Cameron, E. and Green, M., 2015.Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. Hollensen, S., 2015.Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Hull, J., 2012.Risk management and financial institutions,+ Web Site(Vol. 733). John Wiley Sons. Kumar, V. and Reinartz, W., 2012.Customer relationship management: Concept, strategy, and tools. Springer Science Business Media. McNeil, A.J., Frey, R. and Embrechts, P., 2015.Quantitative risk management: Concepts, techniques and tools. Princeton university press. Singh, A., 2013. A study of role of McKinsey's 7S framework in achieving organizational excellence.Organization Development Journal,31(3), p.39. Zeng, S., Amandus, H.E., Amendola, A.A., Newbraugh, B.H., Cantis, D.M. and Weaver, D., 2014. Minimum requirements for taxicab security cameras.Journal of transportation technologies,4(3), p.216.